Cambodia, located in Southeast Asia, has a rich and complex history that spans over a millennium. Its early civilization flourished with the rise of the Khmer Empire (9th–15th centuries), which is best known for the majestic Angkor Wat temple complex, a symbol of Cambodia’s cultural and architectural heritage. During this period, the Khmer Empire was a powerful regional kingdom with advanced agriculture, trade, and art.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Cambodia became a French protectorate, which introduced modern administration and education but also limited national sovereignty. Cambodia gained independence in 1953, ushering in a period of hope under King Norodom Sihanouk.

However, the nation endured profound tragedy during the Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979). Led by Pol Pot, this brutal dictatorship sought to create a radical agrarian society, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 1.7 to 2 million people—nearly a quarter of the population—through executions, forced labor, and starvation. The effects of this genocide still impact Cambodian society today.

After the fall of the Khmer Rouge, Cambodia slowly rebuilt its institutions, economy, and social fabric, aided by international support. Today, the country is a vibrant and resilient nation, preserving its rich cultural heritage while striving for sustainable development and a brighter future for its people.